What is Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)?
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment that uses a light sensitive drug and light to destroy cancer cells by creating a photochemical reaction. The drug is administered in the form of cream on the skin and absorbed by cancer or precancerous cells. Exposure of the treated skin to light creates a reaction, killing cancer cells.
Pre-treatment procedure of PDT
The doctor will recommend you undergo treatment with an exfoliant or keratolytic several weeks prior to PDT to enhance the treatment effects and speed recovery time. You might also be advised to discontinue any products you are using three days prior to the treatment.
Treatment procedure for PDT
The nurse gentle cleanses the skin and removes any thick scales or crusts. A photosensitizing agent is applied to be treatment area and exposed to sunlight for 2 hours. Based on the type and size of the lesion treated, the second cycle of treatment may be given after 2-4 week interval. Sunburn may occur which generally heals in 4-8 weeks.
Post-treatment instructions for PDT
Following are the instructions to be followed after photodynamic therapy:
- Avoid direct sunlight for 1-2 days
- Avoid topical applications of any medications for at least 2 days
- Use nonirritating moisturizers to keep your skin hydrated as recommended by your doctor
Side effects of PDT
The short-term side effects of photodynamic therapy include:
- Swelling and redness
- Itching
- Blisters and peeling of skin
- Burning or stinging sensation
- Pain
- Skin infection
Some of the long-term side effects include:
- Change of skin colour
- Scarring